Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) is a procedure that creates a new path for blood flow around blocked or partially blocked heart arteries. It relieves chest pain, slows disease progression, and may increase life expectancy.

involves replacing a damaged mitral valve with either a mechanical or tissue valve. Mechanical valves, made from durable materials like titanium, can last a lifetime but require lifelong blood-thinning medication. Tissue valves, made from animal tissue, don't usually require long-term medication but may need replacement after 10-20 years. The choice between the two depends on factors like age and lifestyle, so it's important to consult with your cardiologist to determine the best option for you.

A redo heart surgery,”is performed when an individual who has previously undergone heart surgery needs another operation to address complications or problems that have arisen since the initial procedure. While these surgeries are more complex due to factors like age and scar tissue, they can significantly improve symptoms and overall health.

Double valve replacement surgery, also known as heart valve replacement surgery, is performed when the valves of the heart fail to function correctly. In this procedure, damaged valves are replaced with healthy ones. This allows the heart to function efficiently, preventing further damage to heart muscles

Aortic valve replacement (AVR) is a cardiac surgery procedure where a failing aortic valve is replaced with an artificial heart valve. This may be necessary due to aortic regurgitation (backflow) or a narrowed valve caused by stenosis1. The surgery can significantly improve heart function and overall health.

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital heart defect characterized by four abnormalities that disrupt normal blood flow, often leading to cyanosis, a condition where the skin appears blue due to low oxygen levels in the blood. Intracardiac Repair (ICR) is the primary surgical treatment for TOF, involving an open-heart procedure that corrects these defects by closing the ventricular septal defect (a hole between the heart's chambers) and widening the pulmonary valve and arteries to improve blood flow to the lungs. This surgery typically results in significant improvements in oxygen levels and overall heart function, offering a brighter future for patients with TOF

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), and Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) are congenital heart conditions involving abnormal openings or connections that disrupt normal blood flow. Surgical closure is often necessary to correct these defects, involving the closure of the holes or abnormal connections to restore proper heart function and improve overall cardiovascular health.

Atrioventricular (AV) Canal defect is a congenital heart condition where there is a large hole in the center of the heart, affecting the valves and allowing blood to mix between the heart’s chambers. AV Canal repair is a surgical procedure that closes this hole and reconstructs the valves to restore normal blood flow through the heart. This surgery is crucial for improving heart function and preventing complications like heart failure and pulmonary hypertension.

Bypass Surgery: This procedure creates a new pathway for blood to flow to the heart by bypassing blocked arteries, using a healthy vessel from another part of the body.

Electrophysiology Study (EPS): This diagnostic procedure evaluates the electrical activity of the heart to identify abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias). During EPS, catheters are inserted into the heart through blood vessels to record electrical signals and pinpoint the source of arrhythmias.

This specialized field focuses on surgical treatment of heart conditions in infants, children, and adolescents. Procedures can range from correcting congenital heart defects, such as holes in the heart, to repairing or replacing heart valves.

This advanced surgical technique involves performing heart surgeries through small incisions, reducing trauma to the body. MICS offers benefits such as shorter recovery times, less pain, and minimal scarring compared to traditional open-heart surgery.